This paper is dedicated to one of the most particular ethnic group of the Balkans, the Aromenians. This people settled in this region throughout different centuries of migrations in order to explore new and better territories for their principal form of economy - the cattle breeding.

This people maintained a special character based most of all on a different language. Though, this "ethnicity" was not focused until the rise of other surrounding populations nationalisms made this question more urgent and took to the formation of special forms of ethnic representation among the Aromenians living in the Balkans. This was particularly evident at the end of the First World War when nations became the principal character of the new States. Aromenians, like many other minorities throughout all Europe, found themselves far from their homeland and, in the emergency of this situation, looked also at Italy as a possible benchmark of their political demands. The acknowledgement of their particularity was the main feature that this little population asked to the new Balkan States and also to Italian diplomacy. Italy, as the historical source of their special ethnic characters and as a power interested in the balance of the Balkan area, had a special role in those post-war circumstances. Thanks to some Italian documents, found in the Archive of the Italian Army´s General Staff, this paper aims at representing the particular situation of the Balkan Aromenians, who represented and still represent the Eastern Latinity of the Balkans.